What is Artificial Intelligence? Artificial Intelligence in India

 

For the last few years, artificial intelligence has remained in an equal discussion on various causes and issues. Artificial intelligence deals with the making of intelligent machines. Recently, the government's think tank NITI Aayog and Google have agreed that both are aimed at promoting India's Artificial Intelligence-AI and Machine Learning-ML ecosystem. They will work together on several initiatives, which will help to create an ecosystem of artificial intelligence in the country. NITI Aayog has been entrusted with the responsibility of developing technologies like AI and preparing national programs for research. On this responsibility, NITI Aayog is developing a National Action Policy on Artificial Intelligence along with National Data and Analytics Portal, so that it can be widely used.

It may be noted that DeepMind, Google's artificial intelligence company, is working on several projects in collaboration with the British National Health Service.

Artificial intelligence and machine learning are generally considered synonymous, but this is not the case. The difference between these two is further clarified, so that confusion does not arise.

What is Artificial Intelligence?

Artificial Intelligence in simple terms means developing the ability of the thought process, understandability, and decision making in a machine. Artificial intelligence is said to be the advanced version of computer science, which empowers a computer to think like humans.

Types of Artificial Intelligence

• Purely Reactive
• Limited Memory
• Brain Theory
• Self Conscious

Artificial intelligence began in the 1950s. Artificial intelligence means creating intellectual ability artificially.

John McCarthy (Father of Artificial Intelligence (AI), phrases it to be the engineering of making intelligent computer programs capable of displaying intelligence in a machine.

Through this, a computer system or robotic system is created, which is attempted to run on the same logic, based on which, the human brain works.

This is how Artificial Intelligence started

Artificial intelligence began in the 1950s, but its importance was recognized in the 1970s. Japan launched a scheme called Fifth Generation and presented a 10-year program for the development of supercomputers. Subsequently, in 1983, a few private organizations jointly formed a consortium 'Micro-Electronics and Computer Technology' to develop advanced technologies applicable to Artificial Intelligence, such as Very Large Scale Integrated Circuits.

Where is the usage happening?

If the present phase is called a period of experiments being conducted on Artificial Intelligence, it will not be an exaggeration.

Key Applications of Artificial Intelligence

• Computer Gaming
• Natural Language Processing
• Expert System
• Vision System
• Speech Recognition
• Intelligent Robot

Besides, running a very complex system ... preparing new medicines ... inventing new chemicals ... from the mining industry to space ... from the stock market to insurance companies ... there is no such field of human life left which does not interfere with artificial intelligence.

Prospects of Artificial Intelligence (A.I) in India

• By making significant progress in the fields of robotics, cloud technology, big data, virtual reality, artificial intelligence and machine learning, and other technologies, the prospects of the fourth industrial revolution in India are beginning to be explored.
• According to NITI Aayog CEO Amitabh Kant, Artificial Intelligence(A.I) in India is going to change the way we do business. It will be used exclusively in innovations for the social and inclusive welfare of the country.
• The time is coming for the country to accept future technologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning to enhance capacity in health care, improve education, develop innovative governance systems for citizens and improve overall economic productivity of the country.
• In such a situation, Niti Aayog's partnership with Google will start many training initiatives, support startups, and Ph.D. AI research will be promoted through scholarships.

Efforts by the government

• A committee has been formed under the chairmanship of NITI Aayog Vice Chairman Rajiv Kumar to design the Artificial Intelligence Program at the national level. Apart from the representatives of the government, academics and industry will also be represented in it.
• In the current budget, the government has made a provision of $ 480 million for Fifth Generation Technology Startups, which include Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning Internet of Things, 3-D Printing, and Block Chains.
• Besides, the government plans to promote research, training, human resources, and skill development in the fields of Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, Digital Manufacturing, Big Data Intelligence, Real-Time Data, and Quantum Communication.

7-point Strategy on Artificial Intelligence

Earlier in October last year, the central government had prepared a 7-point strategy, which would form the basis of India's strategic plan to use artificial intelligence. Prominent among them are:

Developing methods for human-machine interaction.

• To build a competent workforce with Artificial Intelligence and R&D.
• Ensuring the security of artificial intelligence systems.
• Understanding and working on the ethical, legal, and social implications of Artificial Intelligence.
• Evaluating measurements by using artificial intelligence technology as a standard and benchmark.

Caution is also necessary

According to a study by the University of Oxford, one and a half million jobs will be lost in the next two decades in America alone.

Therefore, it is clear that as many advantages are there as machines with artificial intelligence, there are as many dangers. Experts say that if thinking robots understand humans for some reason or situation, they can pose a threat to humanity. All machines and weapons can revolt. Such a situation has been imagined in Hollywood's films like 'Terminator'.

Intelligent robots are being created

The latest invention of this time reflects the intelligence of artificial intelligence machines. Robots are made effective and intelligent with the help of artificial intelligence. These types of robots have made their place abroad and in many big companies in the country and are doing the work, which the workers and technical staff experience a lot of difficulty in doing.

What is Machine Learning?

Just like Artificial Intelligence is used for computer programs that try to solve problems that humans can easily do, such as looking at a photo. Similarly, another thing that humans can easily do is to learn from examples… and machine learning programs also try to do the same, that is, to tell computers to learn from examples. For this, many algorithms, etc. have to be collected, so that computers can learn to guess better. But now to teach machines faster with fewer algorithms, efforts are being made to give more common sense to machines, which in technical language is called 'regularization'.

Conclusion: 

The concept of Artificial Intelligence is very old. Early European computers were designed as 'logical machines', that is, they developed basic math, memory-like capabilities and were used as mechanical brains. Similarly, artificial intelligence is also a similar technique and can also be used to treat cancer or to overcome the problems associated with climate change. As of now, we are not sure what will be next, so more research needs to be done.